What is it?
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease of the central nervous system in which the immune system is involved, attacking the myelin sheath surrounding the nerve fibre, which is responsible for transmitting impulses within the brain and spinal cord. Plaques of hardened tissue (sclerosis) appear at various sites in the nervous system where myelin has been destroyed, and nerve conduction is impaired as a result.
How is multiple sclerosis caused?
In over 80% of cases, multiple sclerosis begins in the form of flare-ups, or varying degrees of neurological symptoms that continue with episodes of remission or stability. However, in a group of patients multiple sclerosis involves progressive neurological deterioration. The frequency of flare-ups, the way they are presented, and the speed of progression vary from one patient to another.